How to Build A Smart Access Control System Using M5StickV and RFID Module

In this project, we'll create a smart access control system using ESP32, RFID units, and M5StickV. The system supports RFID card reading, QR code recognition, and “offline-cloud platform” interaction via MQTT. Key features include RFID read/write capabilities, MQTT-based data communication, and user interface interaction via M5GO Lite.

Project Objectives

Card Punching System: Implement the basic logic of a card punching system using ESP32 as the main control chip.
RFID Information Recognition: Use the RFID unit to read and recognize IC card information.
Offline-Cloud Interaction: Enable offline-cloud platform interaction for exercise information using MQTT.
QR Code Recognition: Utilize M5StickV for QR code recognition.

Implement Procedures

Setting Up the MQTT Server

1. Server Settings:

Server ID, Username, and Password: Set these main elements for the MQTT server.
Port Number: Typically set to 1883.
Server URL: Provide the platform's URL.

2. Publishing Data:

Topic and Data Format: Ensure the topic format matches the platform's API parameters. Data is usually formatted in JSON.

3. Subscribing to Data:

Subscription Details: Set the topic and data for subscribing. Ensure the themes for publishing and subscribing are different. Security should be managed by the broker. Subscription data will return Mid and Result values, which can be used to verify data integrity and upload success.

Module Configuration

M5StickV for QR Code Recognition

1. Camera and Image Parameters:

Libraries: Use MicroPython's sensor and image libraries.
Image Format: Set to RGB565.
Resolution: Set to QQVGA (160x120).
Capture Image: Use the img library to capture the camera image.

2. QR Code Detection:

Detection: Use find_qrcode to detect QR codes in the image. It returns parameters like parsed data and specifications.
Decoding: Extract and use the decoded data for further processing.

RFID Configuration

RFID Card Structure:

UID and BLOCKS: UID is a unique, read-only identifier. BLOCKS are readable and writable, where student data is stored.
Delay: Implement a delay to prevent multiple recognitions due to high RF processing frequency.

UART Communication

Overview:

Protocol: UART is a serial asynchronous transceiver protocol transmitting binary data bits.
Signal Levels: High for '1' and low for '0'.

Hardware Connections:

TX (Transmit Data): Connect to the RX of the other device.
RX (Receive Data): Connect to the TX of the other device.
GND: Ensure a common ground between devices.

Device Interface:

M5Go Lite: TX (GPIO17) and RX (GPIO16).
M5StickV: RX (GPIO35) and TX (GPIO34).
Library: Use MicroPython's uart library to set up the platform.

First, let's examine the device interfaces based on the hardware design diagram. For the M5Go Lite, the TX and RX interfaces are mapped to GPIO17 and GPIO16, respectively. For the M5StickV, the RX and TX interfaces are mapped to GPIO35 and GPIO34. This setup connects the TX of the M5Go Lite to the RX of the M5StickV, and vice versa. To utilize this configuration, use the UART library included with MicroPython to set up the communication between the devices.

Conceptual graph：

Functions

Main Functions

M5GO Lite UI: Interactive interface with WiFi connection.
RFID Read/Write: Read and write IC card information.
MQTT Communication: Interact between the cloud platform and development board.
QR Code Recognition: Use M5StickV to recognize and read QR codes.
Punch Card System: Query and display punch card information.

Secondary Functions

No Repeat Punching: Prevent repeat punching on the same day.
QR Code Validation: Ensure only student information is uploaded.

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How to Build A Smart Access Control System Using M5StickV and RFID Module

Project Objectives